Loss of Cultural and Functional Diversity Associated With Birds Across the Urbanization Gradient in a Tropical City

Birds provide many ecosystem services to people, including provisioning, regulating and cultural services. People attribute multiple values ecosystems biodiversity the diversity of these can be considered as diversity. While human-nature interactions occur more frequently in cities urbanization negatively affects different facets avian biodiversity, little is known about its consequence for Here, we assess how gradient Campo Grande, a Brazilian city Cerrado hotspot, functional associated with birds if are congruent. We also investigate relation between traits values, weighted by species abundance. used dataset based on bird surveyed 61 landscapes along impervious surface cover. To estimate diversity, indices that richness divergence values. found affected negatively, while there was no effect divergence. Functional were weakly, but significantly correlated. Bird nest trees decreased those artificial structures ground increased gradient. Body size, diet, habitat, mating system, flock behavior, all (number times mentioned football teams, music or poetry, flags anthems, folklore tales) not surface. The negative relationship may indicate people living urbanized areas experience nature less compared areas, which affect their psychological well-being. In highly contact culturally valued provided diminish. losing important birds.